The Sui Dynasty reined China during 589-618CE, succeeding Southern and Northern Dynasties, and preceded the Tang Dynasty. The beginning of the Sui Dynasty's reign was marked by the reunification of north, and southern China; with it, ending almost four centuries of struggle between rivaling regimes. Emperor Wen ( Yang Jian) founded the Dynasty, and establishing its capital at Chang'an (Now know as Xi'an). Although the Sui was amongst the shortest of the Chinese Dynasties, reigning for less than 40years, its achievements were many and so they were ranked as one of the most important period in China history. Its reign of prosperity and peace revitalized China, and paved the foundation to China's rise to power in the 8th and 9th centuries. The Sui dynasty didn't rule the Unified China until 589 AC.
THE REASON FOR TAKING OVER
The Sui Dynasty rose to power through the bloody battles during the Zhou Dynasty, and the conquest of southern China. In 581 Emperor Wendi deposed the child emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and in order to protect himself from the Zhou he killed all the 59 prince in the Royal palce. Through a series of reform, Wendi strengthened his empire, preparing his army for the southern campaign. In 588CE, the Sui gathered 18000 troops, at arms, along the northern bank of the Yangtze. The collapsing Chen Empire could not withstand such assault; they surrendered (As the northern troops march into Jiankang, 589CE). The southern nobles were spared and escorted to the north to share their culture and knowledge.
LEADER OF THE SUI"S DYNASTY
Leaders of the CivilizationThroughout the Sui's short reign, there were only two Emperors, Wendi, the founder of the Sui Dynasty, and his son Yangdi, who succeeded him. Wendi reined the Sui The people of north and southern China unified shared culture and knowledge, and under Wendi's rule, became prosperous and cultured. Wandi was also known as the 'Cultured Emperor'. His son, Yangdi succeeded him in 605 and reign for 13 years until 618. Yangdi famed for his ambitious projects and foreign warfare, ultimately brought his own empire to an end. After two lost in foreign wars against a Korean state of Goguryeo, and the extensive tax prices (to pay for his ambitious projects); hastening the fall of the Sui Dynasty. Yangdi was known to put his ambitions before the well fare of his people.
http://www.crystalinks.com/sui.gifLEADER BEYOND CHINA's BORDER
Around the same time that Emperor Wendi had unified China under his rule, in Italy, Gregory I succeeded Pope Pelagius II as the pope. Gregory was born in Rome into a patrician family; Gregory was the son of a senator and the grandson of Pope Felix III.With these powerful connections, he quickly rose to become prefect of Rome in 570. Soon after, he decided to become a monk. In 579, he was sent to the emperor in Constantinople as the representative of Pope Pelagius II to request for military aid against the Lombard (invaders settling dangerously close to Rome). In 590, Gregory returned to Rome and became the Pope. In spite of his request for military aid, none came from Constantinople, and he was forced to negotiate with them himself. In 594 he prevented a Lombard invasion of Rome by agreeing to pay annual tribute. As pope, Gregory had to administer his monks and supplies to feed the poor and protect the population near Rome (the Roman Civil Administration had almost totally collapse due to the Lombard invasion). Under his leadership, the papacy assumed political leadership in Italy. But Gregory's true greatness lies in his pastoral activities, his generosity and compassion. He died in Rome on March 12, 604.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
During the Sui's period China built a the great canal known as the canal system, it was considered the longest canal in the world with a total length of 1900 kilometer. But due to this great project china have to raise taxes among to commoners.
ECONOMY
The unification of China itself did not bring about major social or economic changes, but the environment of unity and tranquility allowed the ongoing trends to flourish. The economic growth of China sprouted impressively under the Sui. This was partly due to the exploit of the newly accessible area due south of the Yangtze River. Development measures were also taken to untouched area, where millions of people from the north were fleeing there. The Grand Canal symbolized Sui's work to integrate the south's prosperity to the rest of China.As China and its people grew to become more prosperous, their ambitions also rose in turn. In 587 the Sui started to begin holding competitions to choose men who would staff its government. This method soon developed into the Xiucai (Examination System), which tested men on their knowledge of the Confucian classics. But the people that seem to have more success in this system seems to be people with some status and name in their family.
ReLiGiOn
During the Sui's reign, China was like a new born country. The people of north and southern part were reunited again after centuries of separation. Buddhism was a religion introduced from India in the 1st century BCE. By the time Sui had unified China, Buddhism became the most important religion, because it helped sew together the people who had grown apart in their long division.The Sui emperors were the first to support Buddhism actively. They build and repair places of worship, give money to various sects and temples. Their Buddhist knowledge became unique; students for faraway came to China to study Buddhist, changing China into a major center for learning Buddhism.
REAson FoR ThE FaLL
The Sui essentially brought about its own demise through the extensive cost of foreign wars and misgovernment. Under the rule of Emperor Yangdi, the Sui Dynasty suffered from the unreasonably high tax price, which was used to pay for Yangdi's Ambitious projects. Additionally, Yangdi also led the decision to open war against the Korean state of Goguryeo, resulting in two huge lost for China. Yangdi's misjudgments and fool ambitions caused his popularity to drop sharply. In 613, a revolt broke out, but Yangdi refused to acknowledge its existence. Finally in 616, Yangdi retreated to his summer palace in Jiangdu (Chiang-tu), on the advice of his ministers. With the throne empty, the emperor absent, a number of ambitious men saw a chance to seize power. One of Yang Di's general Li Yuan saw the chance, and took it. By summer of 617 Li Yuan was be able to capture the city and declare himself as the new emperor, also establishing the Tan dynasty.
WORKCITED
1.http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/history/sui/
2.http://library.thinkquest.org/12255/library/dynasty/sui.html3.www.historyforkids.org/learn/china/history/sui.htm
4.https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/tang/hd_tang.htm
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